The invention of the concept of a field effect transistor (FET) in 1926 by Lilienfeld.The clear understanding the difference between a metal, insulator and semiconductors are developed due to quantum mechanics Theoretical development of quantum mechanics in 1920's played important role toward solid-state electronics.Invention of solid state rectifier in 1874 by Ferdinand Braun.There are few invention that contributes to the discovery of transistor at Bell Labs If the context of the knowledge of technology and science at the time of discovery considered, transistor is the greatest discovery in the history of human modernization.
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They started investigating the nature of surface states and how to eliminate the effects. Additionally Shockley independently revived the idea of a field-effect device. Right at the beginning the team made important decision and effort directing to the two simplest semiconductor silicon and germanium. The team included Walter Brattain, John Bardeen, John Pearson, Bert Moore, and Robert Gibney headed by Bill Shockley and Stanley Morgan. Right after the war, In January 1946, Marvin Kelly put together a group of engineers and physicist at Bell Labs to create a solid state electronics. When a war ended most military related laboratories disbanded and scientist returned to researches other than military efforts. History of Transistor Overview of Semiconductor and Transistor Historyĭuring World War II most scientists are occupied by war related technology such as radar. Beside these theoretical background the main goal of this report is to present the CPU technology with respect to transistor technology. Additionally the main type of transistor and application areas will be discussed. In this report the history of semiconductor, the invention and improvement of semiconductor transistor throughout the last seven decades are presented. Imagine the most abundant element from the earth's soil, silicon dioxide, the silicon transistor have made today's modernization real. The reason for the radical grows in computer technology is the invention of semiconductor transistor from germanium and later from silicon. Today's computer technology is the modest achievement in human History. Transistors are used in virtually all electronic devices, including radio and television receivers, computers, and space vehicles and guided missiles. The vast majority of transistors now are built as parts of IC.
Transistors are very cheap, durable, and small and have a high resistance to physical shock. Since then many types have been designed. Scientist were brainstorming the idea of semiconductor technology for a long time until the invention of the transistor announced by the Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1948. Especially for computer technology Vacuum tubes were unpractical. Since the vacuum tubes were unreliable, bulky and generated a lot of heat, too. After the replacement of an older vacuum tubes technology by a transistor, the microprocessor or CPU technology grows rapidly. Nowadays beside computers everything has a CPU such as mobile phone, smart TVs, plenty of standalone electronic devices with a cheapest price. The changes in a computer technology rapidly increased through few decades which is heavily influenced by the introduction of CPU transistor.
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